Cena en Bujará con Davlat Toshev
Al recordar el primer día en Bujará tengo la sensación de haber atravesado muchos tiempos y momentos diferentes. Está la visita hecha por la mañana al fuerte Arq donde fui coronado fugazmente. Ese acto fue la experiencia de la tensión, en que el ego está a la defensiva, en una lucha contra el mundo externo, es también la dimensión de la vida diurna con sus afanes y preocupaciones. Por la tarde, en la visita al Complejo Bahauddin Naqshband fue la medicina de la compasión y la barakah. Y ya por la noche nos encontramos en la tienda, estudio, lugar de trabajo de Davlat Toshev, donde cenamos y convivimos de un modo distendido y donde tuvimos la oportunidad de contemplar el arte de este maravilloso artista. Dos días más tarde también visitamos el taller de su hermano, Rakhimjon Toshev. Son miembros de una familia de artesanos que se dedica a diferentes oficios. Davlat es miniaturista y calígrafo. Rakhimjon se dedica a la decoración textil, especialmente suzanis.
Davlat es el fundador de una escuela llamada Ustoz-Shogird, literalmente Maestro-Discípulo. No es casual que sea así y representa muy bien el espíritu de la Tradición esencial. Históricamente esta es la esencia de la transmisión del sufismo pero es que además, contra la creencia occidental en la razón, la verdadera transmisión de un arte o una técnica se hace en un trabajo de cooperación y observación del maestro. En muchas ocasiones apenas se intercambian palabras. Y ha sido la forma tradicional, y probablemente más efectiva, de transmisión de conocimientos, técnicas y enseñanza superior. Como en el arte textil es una imbricación de elementos interconectados que dan lugar a una totalidad vasta y compleja y donde en última instancia, hay una transmisión de ser a ser, de corazón a corazón. Es como la ósmosis. En cierto modo es inevitable si nos mantenemos fieles al trabajo. Hoy en día no hay "oficio" en las mayoría de los trabajos. Con el desarrollo de la tecnología se ha conseguido apresurar e, incluso, "mejorar" el trabajo artesanal. El tema es que el objetivo de un trabajo artístico y artesanal es desarrollar al ser humano mismo y el oficio es el medio que permite templar el carácter de modo que nuestro ser se convierta en un recipiente adecuado para que pueda contener la energía y la barakah de la Tradición. Hacer un objeto de calidad, bueno, perdurable y bello es, por supuesto, el objetivo del artesano pero al mismo tiempo él mismo se transforma en el proceso. Si el gremio artesanal (como sucedía en la Edad Media y en Oriente hasta hoy mismo, aunque con sus problemas de continuidad) está ligado a una maestría de carácter espiritual se produce de una manera natural el desarrollo del sufismo. El objetivo no es solo tener un producto funcional sino ser capaz de producir algo que tenga un carácter propio y que pase de generación en generación transmitiendo algo más que un valor puramente funcional. Es un producto que lleva en sí el alma del artista y es como si el objeto mismo nos interpelase y nos transmitiese una dignidad propia e intransferible.
Davlat es uno de los maestros implicados en la revitalización de la miniatura tradicional uzbeka tras la época soviética, combinando restauración de técnicas antiguas, formación de nuevos artistas, producción artesanal de papel, y transmisión de contenidos sapienciales de la tradición sufí. En su obra aparecen símbolos importantes dentro de la tradición de cultura persa y sufí: el pájaro Simurgh, la rueda celeste, Layla y Majnun, el viaje espiritual, las representaciones de los profetas velados y más símbolos de esta inmemorial Tradición.
"Para mí, lo más importante es ayudar a cada alumno a descubrir las posibilidades que lleva dentro. Aprenden a seguir aquello que aman, y esa pasión los hace avanzar. Muchos poseen un don extraordinario; sus obras me sorprenden por la delicadeza y la profundidad que transmiten, a pesar de su juventud."
Caligrafía con Abubilla, que es el guía de los 30 pájaros al encuentro del Simurg en la obra clásica "El lenguaje de los pájaros" de Faraduddin Attar
Mi querido amigo Armando, compañero de fatigas uzbekas.
Looking back on that first day in Bukhara, I have the feeling of having passed through many different times and dimensions.
There was the morning visit to the Ark Fortress, where I was briefly crowned. That moment was an experience of tension: the realm in which the ego remains on the defensive, engaged in a struggle against the external world. It is also the dimension of ordinary daytime life, with its concerns, ambitions, and anxieties.
In the afternoon, our visit to the Bahauddin Naqshband Complex brought the medicine of compassion and barakah. Then, in the evening, we arrived at the shop, studio, and workplace of Davlat Toshev, where we shared dinner and spent time together in a relaxed atmosphere. There we had the opportunity to contemplate the work of this remarkable artist.
Two days later, we also visited the workshop of his brother, Rakhimjon Toshev. They are members of a family of artisans devoted to different traditional crafts. Davlat is a miniaturist and calligrapher, while Rakhimjon specializes in textile decoration, especially suzani embroidery.
Davlat is the founder of a school called Ustoz-Shogird, literally “Master-Disciple.” This is no coincidence, and it represents very well the spirit of the Essential Tradition. Historically, this has been the essence of Sufi transmission. Yet it also illustrates something that challenges the modern Western belief in reason as the primary vehicle of knowledge: the true transmission of an art or craft takes place through cooperation, observation, and participation in the master's work. In many cases, very few words are exchanged.
This has been the traditional—and probably the most effective—way of transmitting knowledge, techniques, and higher forms of learning. Like textile art itself, it is a weaving together of interconnected elements that give rise to a vast and complex whole. Ultimately, it is a transmission from being to being, from heart to heart. It is something like osmosis. In a certain sense, it becomes inevitable if one remains faithful to the work.
Today there is little of what used to be called a “craft” in most occupations. Through technological development, we have succeeded in accelerating and even “improving” manual work. Yet the true purpose of artistic and traditional craftsmanship is the development of the human being himself. The craft is the means through which character is tempered, so that our being may become a suitable vessel for containing the energy and barakah of the Tradition.
To create an object that is well made, durable, beautiful, and of high quality is certainly the goal of the craftsman. But at the same time, he himself is transformed in the process.
When a craft guild—as happened throughout the Middle Ages and still exists in parts of the East today, despite the challenges of continuity—is connected to a form of spiritual mastery, the development of Sufism occurs naturally. The goal is not merely to produce something functional, but to create something with its own character, something capable of being passed down through generations while transmitting more than practical utility. Such an object carries within it the soul of the artist. It is as though the object itself addresses us, communicating a dignity that is uniquely its own.
Davlat is one of the masters involved in the revitalization of traditional Uzbek miniature painting after the Soviet era, combining the restoration of ancient techniques, the training of new artists, the artisanal production of paper, and the transmission of the wisdom contained within the Sufi tradition.
His works contain important symbols drawn from Persian and Sufi culture: the Simurgh bird, the celestial wheel, Layla and Majnun, the spiritual journey, depictions of veiled prophets, and many other symbols belonging to this timeless tradition.
Davlat is also a restorer of ancient books, a task that requires extensive research and deep knowledge in order to recover original techniques. Restoration, of course, is also one of the dimensions of the spiritual path: that aspect in which we are not merely evolving forward, but also moving backward, restoring time itself and, in a sense, becoming renewed. It is what unites past, present, and future.
What motivates Davlat today in his role as a teacher? He expresses it this way:
“For me, the most important thing is to help each student discover the possibilities within themselves. They learn to follow what they truly love, and that passion carries them forward. Many of them possess extraordinary gifts; their works amaze me through the delicacy and depth they convey, despite their youth.”
Indeed, an artist—or anyone who has dedicated a lifetime to an art or profession in the truest sense of the word—is not complete unless he transmits it to others. Here a new challenge presents itself to the artist. If he succeeds in passing it on properly to even a handful of apprentices, his life reaches fulfillment.
Davlat is doing precisely this, with generosity and simplicity.
I emphasize simplicity because, when we dined with him again the following evening at a well-known restaurant in Bukhara (I had the honor of sitting directly opposite him), he had just received that afternoon the award for Best Artist of Uzbekistan, presented by the President of the country himself. Yet there he was among us, calm, relaxed, and humble.
It made me reflect upon the artistic world I know in the West and realize the profound difference. Above all, I noticed the peace and serenity that Toshev radiated—qualities not always easy to find among Western artists, who are often highly conscious of and concerned with their image, sometimes more than with themselves.
As the Sufi saying goes:
“The true artist is hidden in his workshop.”
Toshev also carries out important educational work with children facing disabilities and various difficulties, something that was highlighted when he received his award in recognition of his outstanding social contribution.









Comentarios
Publicar un comentario